Trimming a pet's claws is a fundamental and necessary part of grooming. In most cases, it is a pretty straightforward procedure, and once a groomer learns the skill, they can practically do it blindfolded. But then there are those times when there is a problem with a claw.
Canine claw injuries and medical concerns are not uncommon, and throughout a grooming career, there is a good chance that you will encounter some type of odd claw or claws. It is important to note what you see because this could represent a significant health problem.
Nail injuries are probably the most common thing groomers discover. Pets can chip, split, or break a claw or even pull it completely off while running and playing. Injured claws can be quite painful for the dog because the inner core of the nail can be exposed, causing bleeding and nerve pain. The dog then licks and chews at the offending nail, which can cause an infection. If a dog comes in with part of the nail dangling, it can be possible to clip the offending broken bit off, but if it is split, damaged, and obviously sore, the dog should be referred to their veterinarian for treatment.
Ingrown nails are commonly seen in the grooming environment. Usually, they are dew claws left untrimmed and curled around until they press on or grow into the animal's skin. However, sometimes we find dogs with oddly shaped nails that curve to an extreme degree, growing towards or into the pad (I often see this on Pugs.) If the claw has punctured the skin, it will be very painful for the dog, may be infected, and should be treated by a veterinarian. It can be safely trimmed back if it is merely pressing into the toe. Try a scissor-type nail trimmer to safely get around the claw and clip it away from the paw.
Fungal infections are frequently seen in dogs suffering from other allergic skin symptoms. The nails appear rusty, and the webbing between the toes is often red, inflamed, or even swollen. Dogs with fungal infections may have a particular odor and be extra sensitive about having their paws handled. Veterinarians can prescribe antifungal medication to clear up the infection.
Brittle, peeling, or thickened nails are sometimes seen in the grooming environment. When we trim the nail, it seems to crumble or even shatter. Sometimes, a single nail is dramatically thicker than the other claws and seems to grow in a horn-like manner. Any of these symptoms mayindicate an autoimmune disease requiring medical attention.
Rarely (about 12% of cases) a misshapen nail will indicate that the dog has a malignant toe cancer. Digital amputation may be the required treatment to prevent the cancer from spreading.
Noticing and reporting to the pet owner when a pet has a problem with any part of its body, including its claws, is an excellent way to be an essential advocate for the dog's health.
